© Media Watch 11 (1) 145-163, 2020
ISSN 0976-0911 | E-ISSN 2249-8818
DOI: 10.15655/mw/2020/v11i1/49759
Postmodern Analysis of New Preachers of Islam in Egypt:
A Cultural Study of Mustafa Hosni’s Digital Media Platforms
Mohamed Hossam Ismail
Misr International University, Egypt
In recent years, Arab academia inspected the phenomenon of new preachers of Islam, especially in Egypt, predicted on such notions as new liberalism, self-help, and salvation. This study contributes to the scholarship by examining the postmodern characteristics of Mustafa Hosni’s discourse, as appears in his new media materials. Drawing upon insights from media cultural studies, the paper examines the mini-narratives of a tolerant, non-violent Muslim discourse as opposed to the customarily hostile Muslim meta-narratives. Further, the study analyses all sorts of pastiche that render Hosni’s discourse hybrid, glocal, and coexistent. It uses qualitative discourse analysis to shed light on the nexus between forms of religious discourse and the logic of media consumption in Muslim late neo-liberal capitalism.
Keywords: Mustafa Hosni, Islam, new preachers, postmodernism, mini-narratives, pastiche, electronic media platforms, social media, neo-liberalism
References
Altikriti, A., & Al-Mahadin, S. (2015). Muslim ‘hate preachers’ in British tabloids: Constructing the British self and the Muslim other. European Journal of Cultural Studies, 18(6), 620-638.
Ariff, T. (2012). Ethnographic discourse analysis: Conversion to Islam ceremony. Discourse & Communication, 6(3), 295-322.
Atia, M. (2012). “A Way to Paradise”: Pious Neoliberalism, Islam, and Faith-Based Development. Annals of the Association of American Geographers,102(10), 1-20.
Bahovec, I. (2015). Christianity in confrontation with individualism and crisis of Western culture: person, community, dialog, reflexivity, and relationship ethics.BogoslovniVestnik, 75(2), 2335—2346.
Bazzi, E. (2015). Islam and the Postmodernist Deconstruction of Meta-narratives: Epistemological and Sociological Implications. Asian Journal of Humanities and Social Studies, 3(1), 66-72.
Bowie, R. (1987). Rock Music according to Fredric Jameson.Continuum: The Australian Journal of Media & Culture, 2(1), 36-51.
Brown, N. J. (2017). Official Islam in the Arab World: The Contest for Religious Authority. Washington, DC: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace.
Browns, I. (1993).Eckankar: A postmodern Spiritual Path of Therapeutic Consumption, Unpublished MA Thesis.Toronto: York University.
Cabrero, L. O. (2018). Postmodernist Relativism in contemporary spirituality: A return to ancient polytheism? The Maastricht Journal of Liberal Arts,10(1), 57-68.
Campbell, H. (2012). Understanding the Relationship between Religion Online and Offline in a Networked Society.Journal of the American Academy of Religion,2(1), 1-30.
Chiluwa, I. (2012). Online Religion in Nigeria: The Internet Church and Cyber Miracles. Journal of Asian and African Studies, 47(6), 734-749.
Cloete, A. L. (2016). Mediated religion: Implications for religious authority.Verbum et Ecclesia, 37(1), 1-6.
Dinges, W. D. (1996).Postmodernism and Religious Institutions.The Way: A Review of Christian Spirituality, 36(3), 215-224.
Evolvi, G. (2016). Blogging Religious Change: Identity, Hegemony, and Pluralism in Italy, Unpublished PhD Dissertation, University of Colorado.
Fakhruroji, M. (2015).Medialization of religion in “texting culture”: self-help religion and the shifting of religious authority. Indonesian Journal of Islam and Muslim Societies, 5(2), 231-254.
Farag, A., & Alazrak, N. (2016). The Neoliberal Islamic preachers: the role of new preachers in enforcing Islamic teachings- ‘Don’t just believe, but act on your faith’’ in Mellor, N &Rinnawi, K (Eds.), Political Islam: Global Media and Boundaries of Religious identity (pp. 219-231). UK: Routledge.
Fink, S. R. (2007). Preaching as Reimagining: Christian Thought in Dialogue with North American Islam, Unpublished PhD Dissertation.Lowa: the University of Iowa.
Forghani, N. (2015). A Critical Examination of Postmodernism Based on Religious and Moral Values Education. International Education Studies, 8(9), 98-102.
Galbo, S (2013). ‘God is shaking me’: Televangelism, Conservative Evangelism and Politics in 70s America. The Journal of Dartmouth College,1(2), 1-15.
Gellner, E. (1992). Postmodernism, Reason, and Religion. London: Routledge.
Gillum, J. (2010). ‘Is Islam Peaceful or Violent: Comparing Islam and Christianity to Reveal the Propaganda of Terrorism,’ Midwest Political Science Association Annual Conference. Washington: Georgetown University.
Guion, D. S. (2008).A Study of Spirituality in Contemporary Visual Art, Unpublished Ph.D. Dissertation. Ohio:The Ohio State University.
Hall, H., & Delport, C.S.L. (2013). The young adult’s perception of religion and formal structures: A postmodern perspective.HTS Teologiese Studies, 69(1), 1-10.
Hayat, N., & Wahab, J. A. (2016).Portrayal of Islam and Muslims in the Talk Shows of CNN and BBC. Media Watch, 7(3), 267-273.
Hjarvard, S. (2016). Medialization and the changing authority of religion.Media, Culture & Society,38(1), 8–17.s
Hoover, S. M. (2011). Media and the imagination of religion in contemporary global culture.European Journal of Cultural Studies,14(6), 610-625.
Hosterey, J. B. (2012). Prophetic Cosmopolitanism: Islam, Pop Psychology, and Civic Virtue in Indonesia. City & Society,24(1), 38-61.
Hynes, T. (2016). Postmodernism and the Church: An Opportunity and a Challenge. The Person and the Challenges,6(2), 67-85.
Krok, D. (2014). The Mediating Role of Coping in the Relationships between Religiousness and Mental Health.Archives of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy,2(1), 5-13.
Kurenlahti, M., & Salonen, A. (2018).Rethinking consumerism from the perspective of religion.Sustainability, 10(7), 2454.
Laurence, J. (2014). The 21st-century impact of European Muslim minorities on ‘Official Islam’ in the Muslim-majority world.Philosophy and Social Criticism,40(4-5), 449-458.
Lövheim, M., & Campbell, H. (2017).Considering critical methods and theoretical lenses in digital religion studies.New Media & Society,19(1), 5-14.
Lövheim, M. (2006).’A Space Set Apart? Young People Exploring the Sacred on the Internet’. InSumiala-Seppänen, Johanna et al. (eds.) Implications of the Sacred in (Post)Modern Media. Nordicom: Göteborg University.
Lynch, G. (2002). After Religion: ‘Generation X’ and the Search for Meaning. London: Darton, Longman and Todd.
Lyotard, J. F. (1984). The Postmodern Condition.UK: Manchester University Press.
Machin, D., & Mayr, A. (2012).How to do critical discourse analysis: A multimodal introduction. London: SAGE Publications.
Mason, J. C. (2005). Virtual Spiritual Formation: The Church of Saint Mary the Virgin’s Journey without Steps, Unpublished Ph.D. Dissertation. New Jersey: Drew University.
Miller, D. A. (2010).Narrative and Meta-Narrative in Christianity and Islam.St Francis Magazine,6(3), 501-516.
Mincheva, D. L. (2014). The Politics of Muslim Intellectual Discourse in the West: the Emergence of a Western-Islamic Public Sphere, Unpublished Ph.D. Dissertation.Peterborough:Trent University.
Muchtar, N., & Ritchey, J. A. (2014). Preaching, community, and convergence: Use of old and new media by progressive Indonesian Islamic leaders. The International Communication Gazette, 76 (4-5), 360-376.
Nasser, M. (2012). Private Satellite Channels in Egypt: The Relationship between Ownership and Editorial Policy. Arab Media & Society, 15(1). Retrieved fromhttp://www.arabmediasociety.com/?article=792/
Nynä, P. et al. (Eds.). Post-Secular Society (2nd Ed).New York: Routledge.
Pennington, R. (2015). Identity, Connection, Community?A Study of the Uses and Gratifications of Muslim TumblrBloggers.Unpublished Ph.D. Dissertation, Indiana University.
Ramanathan, R., & Tan, B. H. (2015).Application of Critical Discourse Analysis in Media Discourse Studies.The Southeast Asian Journal of English Language Studies,21(2), 57-68.
Roeland, J., Aupers, S., Houtman, D., De Koning, M., & Noomen, I. (2010). The Quest for Religious Purity in New Age, Evangelicalism and Islam Religious Renditions of Dutch Youth and the Luckmann Legacy.In Annual Review of the Sociology of Religion (pp. 289-306). Leiden: Brill.
Annual Review of the Sociology of Religion 1(1) Youth and Religion. Ed. G. Giordan. Leiden: Brill.
Rose, M. (2016). ‘It’s Not the Money but the Love of Money That Is the Root of All Evil’: Social Subjection, Machinic Enslavement and the Limits of Anglican Social Theology, Religions,7(8), 50-61.
Salsman, J. M. et al. (2005). The Link between Religion and Spirituality and Psychological Adjustment: The Mediating Role of Optimism and Social Support. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 31(4), 522–535.
Shan-A-Alahi, A., & Muhammad Nazmul, H. (2017).Role of Information Technology on Preaching Islam (Da’wah).American International Journal of Research in Humanities, Arts and Social Sciences, 17(1), 1-5.
Sharma, S. & Singh, K. (2019). Religion and Well-Being: The Mediating Role of Positive Virtues.J Relig Health, 58(1), 119–131.
Slama, M. (2018).Practicing Islam through social media in Indonesia.Indonesia and the Malay World,46 (134), 1–4.
Soliman, A. (2008). The Changing Role of Arabic in Religious Discourse: A Sociolinguistic Study of Egyptian Arabic, Unpublished Ph.D. Dissertation. Indiana, Pennsylvania:Indiana University of Pennsylvania.
Sreekumar, T. T., & Rivera-Sánchez, M. (2016). New media, space and marginality: Control and regulation of Cybercafe use in small and medium towns in Asia. Media Watch, 7(2), 133-149.
Staszak, J. (2008). Other/otherness. Elsevier: International Encyclopedia of Human Geography.
Tas, H. (2014). Melodies of resistance: Islamist music in secular Turkey. Social Compass,61(3), 368- 383.
Thomas, H. (2016). Preaching to the Converted: Making Responsible Evangelical Subjects through Media, Unpublished Ph.D. Dissertation.Ottawa & Ontario: Carleton University.
Tsai, S. (2015). Computer-Mediated Communications and Religion: An Evolutionary Primer. Open Journal of Social Sciences,3(1), 117-126.
Vitel, P., & Damian, L. (2010). Postmodern Faith: Religion No, Spirituality Yes. Romanian Review of Young Researchers, 1(3), 1-30.
Wannas-Jones, J. (2003). Globalization and the Reconciliation of Dissonant Hybrid Identities: A Case Study of Canadian-Arab Youths, Unpublished Ph.D. Dissertation. Canada: Alberta University.
Winter, E. (2017).Negotiating the Popular, the Sacred, and the Political: An Extended Case Study of Three UK-based Youth Christian Social Justice Initiatives.Young,25(1), 87-105.
Wuthnow, R. (1992). Rediscovering the Sacred: Perspectives on Religion in Contemporary Society. Eerdmans, Grand Rapids: Michigan.
Yildirim, A.K. (2019). The New Guardians of Religion: Islam and Authority in the Middle East, Rice University’s Baker Institute for Public Policy. Houston, TX: USA.
Zaied, A. (2008). Da’wa for Dollars: A New wave of Muslim Televangelists. Arab Insights,1(3), 21-28.
Zelin, A. Y. (2016). Filtering the Islamic State’s Meta-Narratives: From Global to Local. Brand Architecture,2(2), 20- 23.
Mohamed Hossam Ismail (Ph.D., Channel System between Cairo University and Indiana University of Pennsylvania, 2002) is a Professor in the Department of Journalism (Faculty of Mass Communication) at Cairo University, Egypt. His research focuses on media cultural studies, media semiotics, and International communication. He is now seconded to work as a Professor at Misr International University.